It’s raining – Creative Writing

It's raining. It hasn't rained this hard since the day she left me, the day she told me how she'd sold her ring. It took three months wages to buy that ring, three whole months and she just sold it to a complete stranger, told me she didn't love me anymore. She'll be leaving work soon, on her way home. Eleven-thirty, same time she does every night, only tonight is different. Tonight she won't be getting home. This is the last night those men will look at her. He's going to sort that out for me. He'll have to leave soon too; otherwise he'll miss her, but maybe that would be better. This could be the only chance to free me, I can't go on, when every move I make depends on her, I can't let her control my life anymore I need to break free. The world outside is looking even less inviting, full moon. Its overcast the stars are blurred. Well not just the stars, everything is blurred. Something's not right. This old leather armchair, and the bottom of my brandy bottle grows more comfortable still, the rains angry drops are hammering against the window pane, I don't think I can stare out the window any longer, this is eating me from inside, what was I thinking, I have to stop him, before it's too late, before I lose her completely. I'm going to go now, got my coat now I just need to step into the bitter cold New York winter. I haven't even shut the door properly, there isn't time. He'll be leaving now too, his wild scraggly hair will be blowing around in the wind his hands to tired to move it out the way, and I can picture him in my mind, only my vision of him is misty, over the years I have found myself losing touch. Still, he knows what he's doing, he's ready. He'll have no shame; I'll be the one who has to pick up the pieces. She smiles at me when I think of her, she told me she saved that smile for me, liar. I went to surprise her at work, on her birthday last week. Bought her flowers and everything, then I saw it. She smiled at them the same way; she had that twinkle in her eye for every man in that bar. That's when I saw him first, through the window of that place. We looked at each other for just a split second, but that was enough to know. She'd hurt him to. The rains pouring down harder still, even me thick trench coat can't stop it pounding down so hard on me. It's not pounding as much as my heart though, my hearts pounding like thunder, like a trapped animal, there's a storm raging inside me, I cant lose her. My feet are getting heavier after every step I take, I can feel a cold sweat rushing all over my body, my hands are gripped so tightly with fear, I can't run any faster. It's such a busy place, so full of people all the time, so full of life. Still I feel alone, empty without her. My heart beats faster still, I keep seeing him, first in front of me then behind, he's going to hurt her. How can it have come to this, why did she have to leave me, things were so perfect. I can see him properly no, there's no mistaking it he's just across the road. Weaving in and out of the yellow taxis I think I'm getting closer to him. I'm passing so many trees, the more I pass the less I can work out there shape, i'm losing all definition. Everything seems a blur. The smoky exhausts of the double-parked cars have made the air heavy. Yet even with all the traffic I still feel distant, this place that's been home for so long suddenly seems a whole new world to me. This is what I imagine it to be without her, lost forever in a world I'll never be able to clasp, she grounds me, helps me through life, well she is my life. The noise of the city is beginning to fade away as my path leads me away from the busy streets, he's here. I keep seeing him but then he's gone, maybe my mind is playing tricks on me. Between my footsteps and my loss of breath my mind is beginning to wonder, back to the day I first met her, when she wouldn't even notice me whatever I did, I think she changed when she met me, I don't know , but I can imagine. I think something changed in her after I met him too, it was as if she knew I knew about him. My heart shunted when I saw her, I froze for a second, her blonde hair blew gently in the wind, the full moon was shining through the branches of central park, casting eerie shadows on the path she was walking. She held her umbrella with one hand, while attempting to light a cigarette with the other, her black stiletto heels tapped steadily along the bridge. There he is, lying in wait. Now's my chance. She just looked right at him, I can see it in his eyes, she knew him, and she knows what he's going to do. He flicked out the knife that had been gripped in his hand so tightly all this way, he can see me in its reflection, he's smiling. She's dropped her cigarette onto the floor and is running, he's running after her, and I after him. Her heels are sinking into the wet ground, he's catching her, but I'm catching him. As he wrapped his tired hands around her neck I began to struggle with him, I begged him to stop, and so did she. Her body grew heavy with the dread of what was to come. The knife fell to the ground, I had control, I'd beaten him. I released her from my grip, brushed back my scraggly hair, grabbed her hand, tried to feel for a pulse. There wasn't one. Then I looked at her hand, it glistened at me, like her eyes used to, her ring she still had it on. Maybe she did still love me. I cried for her to come back to me, the end came anyway. Then I felt it, the ice-cold air flowing over me, around me and through me, she was dead, he had killed her, I had killed her.

Critically Compare the Concepts of Equal Opportunities and Sports Equity in British Sport

Critically compare the concepts of equal opportunities and sports equity in British sport This paper aims to compare the ideas of equal opportunities and sports equity with regard to sport in Britain. Within this structure, there will be particular emphasis on the theoretical approaches that are used to look at equality in British sport. A key part of this comparison is the study of (social) equality; this includes formal, radical and liberal interpretations of equality. The arguments and suggestions will be reinforced and supported by literature and other texts outside of just the sporting context.Many sports historians such as Holt (1989) say that sport, pre 20th Century, was almost private and restricted to the upper class minority. Recreational sports had a complex set of laws (i. e. tennis) this was to restrict participation from the lower classes. Another vestige of the times was the limitation of sport to women; this was not necessarily written law but was accepted none the le ss. Racism in sport was not tackled or even considered until well into the 20th century when the government introduced laws and legislation that banned prejudice based on race.As a consequence of these legalities, many recognised sporting institution in Great Britain have introduced policy and recommendations to deal with the problems of ‘inequality’ within their respective organisations. Nevertheless, as indicated by Guttman’s analysis (1978), continuous development in recent years has slowly begun to break down certain barriers to equality. Should someone wish to investigate further into actual modern equality work they can access a variety of net resources. A quick look at equality policies of the Football Association for example demonstrates that work is being done for the purpose of equality.Guttman (1978) even goes so far to say that in many sports worldwide, participants of any circumstance and environment are encouraged to participate. He also states howe ver that equality in sport and its aims is seen by some as a distant achievement, it remains unrealistic. Guttman’s (1978) study illustrates that as sport entered the 2nd half of the 20th century, systems that control other components of a balanced society would also affect modern sporting institutions in the same way In order to better understand the aim of this paper, a number of key terms need some more clarity. The first term that needs defining is ‘equality’ and more pecifically ‘basic equality’. According to Baker (2004) basic equality is the concept that people have the same worth and are consequently worthy of equal interest and value. Many would argue that certain individuals and groups have earned more respect than other people and therefore inequalities should exist. Maybe what we should be considering is a minimum level of equality, a fundamental idea of equality whereby people all exist at the same point of respect. This would mean putti ng a threshold on what it is to be human. As indicated by Craig and Beedie (2010) the study of equality is an area of fascination to many sporting sociologists.Coakley (2003, p326) states, that this curiosity is established because many believe that sport goes beyond monetary and economic inequalities. A common belief is that sport is available to all; irrelevant of which equality strand someone may fit into (age, race, ethnicity etc). According to Craig and Beedie (2010) some consider the sporting domain a discrimination free arena; where a result is contested on fair grounds and the result goes to those with the most aptitude or skill. Another key term is stratification. This is a way of breaking down the different levels of society based on their sociological group.This helps to highlight the in/equality that is present in sport. A number of actual examples have been highlighted by Craig and Beedie (2010). Examples of these stratification layers include; the system of class forma tion affects the poor, the working class, and the lower/ middle and upper classes, these structures all seem to be highly rigid. The concept of social class is best recognised by using Marxist ideas of capitalism, where the idea of equality is seen in financial terms. Feminism however opposes the theory that ‘class stratification’ is the most important foundation of social inequality.Justifications about the gender distinctions in a sporting context vary from those concentrated on a biological argument to the arguments that place more impetus on the social understanding of gender. There is a repeated and constant emphasis in sport and society on the power of patriarchal arrangements; this too is present in sport. Liberal equality can be a little difficult to decipher in that it accepts basic equality but denies some other aspects of equality. The main principle according to Baker (2005) is that inequality of income and power cannot be alleviated.Equality as a concept pl ays the part of controlling inequalities so that income and power are more fairly distributed. In a way it can be said that liberal equality requires supporting the bare minimum that people are allowed and have access to, whilst controlling the advantage experienced by those that have more. Baker (2005) further states that the main underlying belief of liberal egalitarianism is the upholding and support of the most basic rights that all should have access to. Equal opportunity of course plays a key part in this study. Liberal equality is often used in conjunction with equality of opportunity.This is where groups or individuals have equal access to the opportunity to gain higher representation within their respective circles. It is rooted in the idea that inequalities in power will be ever present. Baker (2004) summarises this sentiment, he claims that the point of equality of opportunity is for everyone to get a fair chance in the sociological struggle, within a society that is uneq ual. Baker (2004) describes equal opportunity as the belief that everyone in society deserves a fair chance to contest over the positions in society that carry the most power.This concept was first used officially in the French Declaration of human rights in 1789. It states that everyone can hold a position â€Å"within their abilities† (French Declaration of the rights of man 1789). These days institutions everywhere boast equality policies and equality laws that make the discrimination based on gender and race in social institutions against the law In support of this, equal opportunity claims that nobody ought to benefit or suffer from their social circumstances; any prosperity and expectation ought to come about due to personal skills and endeavours. Rawls (1971) labels this concept ‘fair equal opportunity’.He believes that education should be used as a vehicle by the lower classes to develop the skills that would put them into a more advantaged situation. Equ al opportunity is unachievable whilst those in positions of power use their influence to achieve hierarchy over others. Liberal equality approaches do not take into account the characteristics of structured inequality. Powerful social stigmas are not dealt with. We can therefore conclude that people’s opinions and beliefs (inequality) cannot change whilst such stigma still exist. Some would argue that this is good in theory but education doesn’t actually function in this way.A different aspect of equal opportunity includes establishing policies and legislation to assist people from minority groups in getting work and schooling/qualifications. Were people from minorities perhaps not supported properly in schools or education institutions then this could be down to them not having ‘equal opportunities’ to progress as the majority do. Baker (2004) appears to believe that the biggest sign of equal opportunity within an organisation is seen in the participation rates. A more comprehensive liberal equality view is that of Rawls (1971).This states that inequalities ought to favour those that need them the most. For those that believe in liberal equality this is not always the final solution however; improvements can be made to a number of factors contributing to equality, including: education, sport, the economy etc. A fine-tuning to these frameworks rather than completely overturning them is often the preferred way to achieve to equality. In order to understand liberal equality properly however, something to compare it to is required. Radical approaches to equality oppose the liberal view of equal opportunity.It maintains that in order to eradicate inequality much larger steps should be taken. Inequalities should not just simply be dealt with after recognition. â€Å"The key to this much more ambitious agenda is to recognise that inequality is rooted in changing and changeable social structures, and particularly in structures of dominatio n and oppression. These structures create, and continually reproduce, the inequalities which liberal egalitarianism sees as inevitable. † (Baker 2004, 18) This handsomely describes the way in which radical equality aims to eliminate equality compared to the liberal view.As oppose to the liberal view of concentrating on the power distribution allocated to individuals, the radical view allows for advantage to more than just individuals, but groups. On the contrary to liberal ideas of how power is allocated, the radical approach attempts find answers in the social connection between related parties. Another trend of the liberal approach is to reward individuals with their own triumphs and indeed failures. The radical approach on the other hand tends to attribute these triumphs and failures to larger social occurrences.As indicated by Baker (2004) many argue that the liberal approach to equality differs from that of equality of outcome. However, the radical approach, as does the l iberal approach encourages choice as the final outcome. There is no reason that both approaches to equality cannot allow for choice. In order to summarise the above comments â€Å"basic egalitarianism tends to concentrate on subsistence needs, liberal egalitarianism on the idea of a decent standard of living and radical egalitarianism on what people need for a full human life† (Baker 2004, 19) In order to fully understand this task, we must also look at the origins of sport in the UK.During the late 1800s (Victorian period) Great britain went through a major reform, this is commonly known as the ‘Industrial revolution’. It was driven by invention, engineering breakthroughs and class restructuring. A movement from farming and agriculture towards Industrial urban based work meant that labourers moved from the countryside to the city. This mass movement of workers into factories allowed the newly middle class employers considerate control over the workforce and the opportunity to influence the way workers should spend their leisure time.Throughout this era of reform, sport was still however considered an activity of the higher classes. The control exerted over the masses encouraged employees and workers into a different way to spend their leisure time. Structure in recreation became encouraged. According to Townson (1997) this became the norm as the middle classes had fears that the increasingly large urban population may become unruly. The idea of ‘rational recreation’ became the name of this notion. Over the years the bourgeoisie anticipated discomfort among the working class.Towards the end of the 19th century in Great Britain the concept of ‘Muscular Christianity’ (Holt 1989) was established in order to distract the masses from want to reform (Holt 1989) â€Å"The very idea of a play discipline would have seemed absurd, yet this is what a growing band of bourgeois idealists advocated during the second half of the century† (Townson 1997). Sport and recreation had been introduced by the bourgeoisie. This helped maintain a healthy labour force and diverted masses away from ‘urban radicalism’.It was during this time that the upper classes and more advantaged started to consider the importance of fairness through reform and education. While sport for the masses still took on a rational recreation edge, sport was undergoing a period of change. A combination of factors leading to this change included an emphasis on health through exercise (due in part to inferior performances from the British forces in South Africa) and an increasing emphasis on professionalism. Sports clubs and facilities were made available by middle class.Key factors that occurred during the Victorian period according to Davis (2000): †¢An ethical code produced by the bourgeoisie became associated with sport †¢Realisation of fair-play (introduction of rules and equal conditions) †¢Freedom at we ekends gave people more time for recreation. †¢Sport in education was limited to gym and discipline The second notable phase in british sport history swaying further towards equality was the establisment of the Wolfenden report of 1960. This was written for the Central Council of Physical Recreation by an autonomous group of individuals to determine the state of sport in the UK.According to Rous (1960) it was published to demonstrate the inequalities and problems that existed in UK sport in comparison with its peer countries. After the publication of the wolfenden report the government took yet a further step towards a more interventionist approach by establishing the GB sports council in 1972. Collins (2003) claims that this was an important step for the government, as it allowed authorities to make social and welfare provision for public sport After new labour came to power in 1997, sport was given a new social status.The organisation of UK sport structure at the time was con sidered an obstacle to governments recently set out aims: †¢Increased youth participation †¢Increased succes in elite sport This quote taken from Department of Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) demonstrates the awareness that some had of the state of sport within the UK â€Å"There is a need for a radical rethink of the way we fund and organize sport, we offer a modernizing partnership with the governing bodies of sport† (DCMS 2000 p19).In the same review they also threaten Governing Bodies within sport with withdrawal of funding should they not meet required governmental targets. The 3rd and perhaps most important stage of movements towards equality came in the shape of sporting equity. Sport England (2000) very broadly defines sports equity as fairness in sport. According to Sport England (2000) sports equity is in place to make sport more accessible to everyone period. It is a concept larger than sports equality and all strands of equality are made irrelevant. Equi ty: In its simplest sense, ‘fairness’; the process of allocating (or reallocating) resources and entitlements, including power, fairly and without discrimination. It may also use positive action initiatives and measures to address existing inequities. † (Sport England 2000 p39) As already stated inequalities date back to the beginnings of sport, in some ways they were institutionalised (Sport England 2000). After all the development in sport however, cases of inequality do still exist. Even in todays modern society there are still only a handful of for example; ethnic minority ‘power’ in sport.Coaches seem to remain white, middle class. However, these inequalities are now recognised and agencies are putting in structures to improve the situation for these inequalities â€Å"Sport England is committed to supporting governing bodies in their quest to overcome inequality in sport† (Sport England 2000, p3). Equity in sport came around relatively la te. A number of thngs happened which really pushed the equity movement forward. Equity issues came under the spotlight during the Macpherson Report and the stephen Lawrence inquiry.Both of these highlighted the extent of discrimination still present in society. Sporting campaigns and government iniatives have pushed for further equity in sport and according to Sport England (2000) but have committed to further action in the future. â€Å"It cannot be assumed that any sport is open and accessible to all members of the community† (Sport England 2000, p4). Even the sport england equity page recognises that more needs to be done to secure access to sport for all. Further policy will be encouraged and implemented. Society is changing and the existence of organisations, societies or clubs that exclude large sectors of the population from their activities, whether directly or indirectly, is viewed as anachronistic and increasingly unacceptable†. (Sport England 2000, p3). This quote demonstrates that the government is aware of the mass change in stance towards inequality. Despite the emergence of sports equity policies and propositions; inequalities still exist in sport. This can be seen in the recent Luis Suarez racism case and the John Terry racism case. These examples demonstrate that equality exists at the highest level.Equality work needs further development, much in the same way sports equity has developed. References †¢Baker, J. ; Lynch, K. ; Cantillon, S. ; and Walsh, J. (2004) Equality: from Theory to Action London: Palgrave. †¢Coakley, J (2003) Sports in Society: Issues and controversies. New York: Mcgraw-Hill †¢Collins, M. F. with Kay, T. (2003). Sport and social exclusion. London: Routledge. †¢Craig P and Paul Beadie (2010) Sport Sociology. 2nd Edition. Active Learning in Sport †¢Davis, B. et al. (2000) Physical Education and the Study of Sport. UK: Harcourt Publishers Ltd †¢Department for Culture, Media and Sport . (2001a).Elite Sport Funding Review (chair, J. Cunningham). London: DCMS. †¢Guttman, A (1978) From ritual to record. New York. Columbia press †¢Holt R. (1989) Sport and the British: A Modern History. Oxford: Clarendon †¢Rawls, J. A. (1971) A Theory of Justice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press †¢Sport and the community : the report of the Wolfenden Committee on Sport 1960 †¢Sport England, June (2000). Governing Body Resource Pack. Planning for sport. Factfiles: Sports equity †¢Stanley Rous. Chairman, Executive committee, C. C. P. R. 1960 †¢Nigel Townson 1997 The British at Play – a social history of British sport from 1600 to the present

When Should I Take the SAT or ACT?

Standardized tests are an important—and stressful—part of your application, and trying to figure out when is the right time to take them may be confusing. So just when should you sit for the SAT or ACT? It is important to remember that the age-old adage â€Å"the earlier the better† doesn’t necessarily apply here. The older you are when you take the SAT or ACT, the better you are likely to perform on the test. So, you probably won’t achieve your best possible score if you take it as a freshman. However, you are technically allowed to take take the tests as early as you want. Doing so may give you a starting point to find out the areas in which you can improve. Starting early also enables you to retake the test, although given that the the SAT is administered around seven times per year and the ACT is given around six times per year, you should have ample opportunity to do so even if you take it later on, as long as you don’t wait until the last possible sitting. It is also worth keeping in mind that you generally shouldn’t take the SAT or ACT more than three times , because you are unlikely to improve your score substantially after the second time, and admissions officers tend not to like seeing students take the tests too many times. If you are applying Early Decision, plan on taking standardized tests no later than the October or November administration deadlines your senior year of high school. This year, those dates are November 5 th for the SAT (register by October 7 th ) and October 22 nd for the ACT (for which registration has closed). If you are applying Regular Decision, your deadline is likely December or January. The 2016-2017 admission cycle, those dates are January 21, 2017 for the SAT (register by December 21 st ) and December 10 th for the ACT (register by November 4 th ). NB: There are late deadlines as well, but you will have to pay a late fee if you don’t register by the initial deadlines. Be sure to check the policies regarding standardized test deadlines of the schools to which you are applying. Some colleges may prefer that you complete all testing prior to submitting your application. There are many disadvantages to waiting until the the last possible minute to take the SAT or ACT. First, you may have to pay additional fees to rush your scores to the colleges on your list if you wait too late. As mentioned above, there are fees associated with waiting too late to register as well. Additionally, if you take the test during the final possible administration for your purposes, you won’t be able to retake it. That means you are stuck with whatever score you receive, when you could have potentially performed better if you took the test a second time—in fact, many students (though not all) do receive higher scores in their second go-around , due to a decrease in stress, better preparation, or more familiarity with the test. Our students see an average increase of 250 points on their SAT scores. Another important decision to make is when you should take the Preliminary SAT (PSAT). You are not required to take the PSAT as part of your college admissions process, but many students choose to do so any way, since it offers you a good way to practice for the SAT and discover where you should focus your improvement efforts. Additionally, the PSAT also functions as the National Merit Scholarship Qualifying Test (NMSQT) , meaning your scores will be used to determine if you are a National Merit finalist. You may take the PSAT earlier, but only the scores you receive on the PSAT you take your junior year may qualify you for a National Merit award. Some students choose to take the test in their sophomore year for additional practice as well as their junior year. Another advantage to taking the PSAT is that when you take it, as well as the SAT or any AP test, you have the option of opting into College Board’s Student Search Service , which shares your contact information with schools at which your academic profile is similar to that of their typical applicants. If you participate, colleges will contact you with important information, which can help with your college search and honing your final list. The PSAT is administered by your high school once a year. This year, your high school may choose among the following dates: College Board’s recommendation is the primary date. If you want to take the PSAT, you must do it on the date your high school designates. While you can usually take standardized tests as early as you would like, we at recommend that you take the PSAT in the fall of your junior year and the SAT or ACT at its first administration in the spring of your junior year. Doing so allows enough time to retake the test as many times as you need or want to, and ensures that you have reached your maximum (or near-maximum) potential score because you are older and have been in school longer than you were as a freshman or sophomore. Taking the test too early is not necessary and can cause unnecessary stress.

Women in Muslim Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Women in Muslim Society - Essay Example Therefore, the requisite of belief for Muslims is a relatively simple one; if you recognize that the ancient prophets had some conception of the true nature of God, then you are capable of leading a holy and virtuous path. Faith demands adherence to the code of laws, and a recognition of the nature of mankind and his place within the world. The Qur'an makes it clear that no restrictions should be placed upon who can be saved spiritually based upon sex, culture, race, class, or the actions of others. However, these stipulations upon entry into heaven do not formally empower women in their social relationships. Although a person of any sex or ethnicity possesses the capacity to recognize Allah as the one true God and Muhammad as his prophet in virtually all Muslim societies, many of these societies rely upon tribal law and gender traditions to determine particular power structures. The consequence of this is that in a number of Muslim societies women are explicitly identified as being inferior to men and, accordingly, are forced to occupy purely subservient positions. Of course, violence against women has been recognized as a global pandemic, which is not at all exclusive to the Islamic world: "The situation has lead public health experts to consider violence against women a global public health issue, one requiring a public health approach."1 Domestic abuse is common across virtually all cultures and religions to a very high degree; but in many Islamic societies - the Arab world in particular - violence against women could be far more prevalent than in the West, stemming partially from the underground, behind-closed-door character of women in these societies and partially from the widespread acceptance of domestic violence by the male-dominated, ruling sects. As a result, "Research carried out in several Arab countries, however, shows that at least one out of three women is beaten by her husband."2 It has been argued by a number of Western theorists that violence is endemic to Muslim societies; violence against those of other religions and violence against those occupying a lower-rung on the social ladder - women - are both justified within the overall Muslim worldview, according to these theorists. In Islam, within any given community, the rights of the underprivileged are such that they are justified in overthrowing those institutions that are deemed unjust, so long as the injustice lies clearly outside the teachings of the Qur'an. One of the difficulties with this position is that if the practices of other societies are unjust with respect to the teachings of Muhammad and Islam, then there is good reason to work to physically bring down these societies so they better adhere to the paths of virtue. So, quite often, cross-societal violence is clearly justified. But the reverse of this situation is also superficially justified; if the underprivileged of society are deemed to be behaving in an immoral manner, then violence against them is also justified. Although comprehensive studies and, therefore, accurate data is scarce, is has been often suggested that this justification for violence against women is quite prevalent in nations such as Afghanistan and Pakistan.3 Efforts to overcome these rationalizations for such violence have come largely from the West, though much of the propaganda has been aimed at appealing

What does the surviving evidence from Pompeii suggest about the ways Essay

What does the surviving evidence from Pompeii suggest about the ways in which Pompeians spent their time - Essay Example Vesuvius to have been recorded. In 1748, it is when staid excavations start and since then, it has been a tourist trap. Besides, all learning institutions are teaching of this city, with each and every other individual having the desire to make a visit. The historian might be better positioned in eloquently waxing how Pompeii is a city â€Å"frozen in time† as well as how the eruption turned out to be a blessing in disguise to the generation of the present time. On the contrary, the Romans had a totally different view of the destruction of Pompeii and the neighboring cities. In their viewpoint, this eruption was among the worst ever natural disaster to have ever occurred in the history of the world. It is believed that things would have been worse (Cooper 1). Despite the fact that modern day newspaper stories report that twenty thousand people passed on during this eruption, the exact figure of the people who lived there is hardly known. The 20,000 figure is seemingly the most common figure availed, but other sources have the same figure 10,000 lower. Either way, the agreeable guess figure is that over 35000 people died and in Pompeii alone, between 1600 and 2000 were trapped in the eruption. What remains is the surviving evidence to tell us how the situation was like (Cooper 1). The surviving evidence presents us with one of the very best glimpses of what the everyday life was like in a Roman city. Being a resort town as well as a center of commerce, the surviving evidence depicts how the rich in the society had come to this town so as to free themselves from the hassles of living in Rome, and ships put into the Bay of Naples from all corners of the globe. In addition, the surviving evidence presents both the aura and the prosperity of e njoyment that seems to have been in prevalence (Maiuri and Battaglia 652). These two (the prosperity and the aura of enjoyment) have hardly been shared in any other of the workaday towns. From this evidence, we are lured to believe that hardly was there peace and harmony in Pompeii. By the virtue of there being an excess of the rich in the society it is probable that there was a big-me/little-you division with the ordinary town folks. Tis same scenario was in Rome and from the judgment of how things are as regards to what was left, the inhabitants of Pompeii undeniably knew very well how to enjoy themselves (Gore 556). It is worth noting that historians may not be totally certain of the number of days in each of the Roman Months. The thought of these historians is that the roman months just resemble ours, though there is enough uncertainty for any given date to be off by a couple of days. The surviving evidence also testifies that the Pompeians rose up early in the morning, as is th e case with the present Romans. Besides, it can be told from the very first glance that they were respectable middle class persons. If this was not the case, there would have been an evidence of a slave waking then up and probably helping them dress. This may actually sound somewhat strange since the Pompeian’s’ clothes, from the surviving evidence, were unpretentious in the extreme (Harris 56). For each and every Roman national, irrespective of whether poor, middle class or rich, tunic was the main piece of clothing. Having been made of wool, the tunic was simply a two-square piece cloth sewn together, with holes having been left for the arms and the head. From the surviving evidence, the tunic- having been as wide as it was broad hung loosely on all but the heftiest frame. Moreover, the cut had been made in such a way that the excess clothe did form sleeves of a sort, with its appearance resembling a long shirt dropping somewhere between the calf and the

Business Law exam 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business Law exam 2 - Essay Example This indicates that the female employee was not being pressurized through organizational apparatus to socialize with the male employee. There is some indication to the creation of a hostile environment by the female employee herself by socializing with a male employee in this fashion. The female employee’s adverse reaction to the male employee’s advances changed the situation altogether. She was denied fair compensation and pay raise for her work. There is little explanation for the sudden fall in her quality of work from the company’s end making coercion through official apparatus a strong possibility. The lack of response from the human resources department especially its lack of providing a sexual harassment mechanism to deal with the situation is also clear. This also serves to indicate that employer and his other agents were fully aware and complacent over the situation. The female employee had to seek psychiatric assistance in order to resolve her issues, w hich in turn indicate grievous damage to herself. Such conduct had both a â€Å"deleterious† as well as â€Å"severe and pervasive† effect on the female employee without doubt. Furthermore, the harassment occurred during employment which makes the employer vicariously liable. The move by the male employee to settle down the situation by offering greater rewards also casts doubt on the male employee’s motives. Given the circumstances of the case, it is clear that sexual harassment laws apply to the case. The employer’s attitude of ignoring complaints made by the female employee means that the tort of Constructive Damage has been set in motion. On another note, it is clear that although sexual undertones and overtones may have existed in the organization but these were latent only. In this fashion, such sexual tones cannot be considered as hostile environment. Furthermore, the female employee’s outstanding performance in the first six

MGM604-0802B-01 Organizational Behavior - Phase 3 Individual Project Essay

MGM604-0802B-01 Organizational Behavior - Phase 3 Individual Project - Essay Example Human Relationship Management (Armstrong, Michael 2006) is a strategic function of the management, and diagnosis reveals how and why people react under given circumstances and the ways and means of bringing about affinity in the workplace. Having decided to change to a new vision and mission statements, the organization faces the crucial stage of managing the change in terms of human resources. However, prior to taking any step in this direction, there is a need for organizational diagnosis, which has been described by Posma and Kok (1999) as being the research of the functioning of an organization. This is relevant as it highlights the holistic nature of the current status and helps in developing a model for affecting the change required. During such diagnosis, many components such as organizational structure, leadership, and motivation are examined to determine the culture of the organization. It is argued that such a diagnosis should be done for the whole organization and not just the individual components, as otherwise the larger picture will remain incomplete (Nadler & Tushman 1980). An organization can be examined from different perspectives. There are a number of diagnostic models that provide many different views, emphasizing a variety of aspects, but in the end a complete picture emerges. It is prudent to use more than one model in order that the culture and sub-culture of the organization are disclosed for the change managers to decide on which course of action should be taken to bring about the changes and to implement change plans. The most commonly used diagnostics are the PEST and SWOT analysis. They examine how the internal and external environments affect the performance of an organization. There is also a third model called the Evolutionary Cycle of Competitive Behaviour evolved by Strebel (1966). PEST stands for Political, Economic, Socio-Cultural and Technological

American Koreans vs Korean Americans Research Paper

American Koreans vs Korean Americans - Research Paper Example Earlier migrants were mostly concentrated in Hawaii and were recruited to work in sugarcane fields in Hawaii region. Over the period of time, regional dispersion of Koreans increased throughout the mainland. From 1990 to 2000, concentration of Korean Americans was mostly in Georgia (Suarez-Orozco, Suarez-Orozco and Qin-Hilliard 192). Pre and Post 1965 wave of immigrants from Korea was associated with particular industries such as retail stores, nail salons, travel agencies, liquor stores etc. Most of such industries were labor intensive in nature; however, the major reason of why Koreans engaged into such labor intensive industries was to create better opportunities for their children to get into better schools (Choi 55). American Koreans however, is a very small group comprising those who were either defectors or were taken as prisoners during the war in Korea (Hastings 35). This group is relatively small; however, it is significant in the sense that it also represents dual cultures of America and Korea. What is critical to note also that some of the POWs were taken by China from North Korea, indicating involvement of multiple players in redefining the overall future and cultural identity of this new group. Most of the POWs were largely influenced by the Chinese ideology. As such, both groups have now developed their distinct and separate identity and political ideologies. Their distinct cultural identity is considered as an important way through which they actually separate themselves from other groups, and this also reflects their overall perceptions for admission process. This paper will discuss this, and it will also explore how American Koreans and Korean Americans actually carry the overall cultural identity for their admissions. 1. Cultural Identity and Admission Process Having students from countries where English is not a dominant language or students belonging to different cultural groups always raises certain important political as well as cultural issues. Universities require declaration of ethnic origin of the students and gaps have been observed in the admission scores of Asian and White students. Universities like Vanderbilt publically announced to increase the number of Jews students over a certain period of time however, ignore to take into consideration more able Asian students with better SAT and other scores. (Golden 69) Conflict theory, however, suggests that admission exams are often culturally biased and are made in such a way that only members from dominant groups can get admission into such universities as well as colleges. It is also critical to note that most of the American-Koreans have actually failed to get into the inner and deeper level of American society. This cultural aloofness therefore also reflects how American Koreans actually perceive the overall admission process. The monolithic and historical representation of Asian American students in universities has largely remained unstable. The race based c haracterization of the students not only remained contextual in nature but also shaped by multiple motives. (Hurh 65) Applying this theory on the American Koreans clearly suggests that American universities have certain preferences. The overall tests are designed in such a manner that only people belonging to certain ethnic and cultural groups are able to get through the admission process. Most of those who attend the church with me feel strongly that admission process is developed in a manner that favors certain groups, and despite all the merit and skills required to get into top universities, not many American Koreans are able to get through this. (Kibria, 30) There have been significant decisions by universities such as Yale and Harvard wherein minimum SAT scores

Ovarian Cancer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ovarian Cancer - Essay Example This paper will offer a detailed pathophysiology, etiology, epidemiology and prognosis of ovarian cancer. Ovarian cancer stands solely as the number one death cause (Yabro, 2011). According to Gale (2009), current statistics indicates that, out of every 70 women, 1 of them is at the risk of developing ovarian cancer. Needless to say, women above the age of 65 account for more than 48% of ovarian cancer incidences (Yabro, 2011). As age advances, so do the chances of developing ovarian cancer. Sadly most ovarian cancer incidences are usually diagnosed at an advanced stage when the intra-abdominal extent of the spread is way too high. This does not work in the patient’s best interest seeing as they may be subjected to a harsher less physical friendly diagnosis as they are at an advanced stage. The most common pathophysiological theories of ovarian cancer engross the conception that it starts with the dedifferentiation of cells covering the ovary. In the course of ovulation, these cells are absorbed to the ovary, where they multiply (Gale, 2009). Ovarian cancer extends to the omentum and peritoneal surfaces. It extends through lymphatic invasion, intraperitoneal implantation, hematogenous dissemination and local extension. Intraperitoneal implantation is the most common way through which ovarian cancer cells spread. Malevolent cells can embed on anyplace in the peritoneal cavity. The most common ovarian cancer is the epithelial ovarian cancer. Hall (2010) denotes that it emerges from epithelium overlying the ovaries. The exact cause of ovarian cancer is unidentified (Gale, 2009). However, numerous contributing and risk factors have been discovered. These include the reproductive and genetic factors. In reference to Gale (2009), the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer is high in women who have not given birth and those with late menopause. Women who are mothers or have been pregnant at one point have a reduced risk of

Scary story Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Scary story - Article Example My eyes were exceedingly sleepy, but then it struck me, \why is he is wearing the red anorak in the bedroom?’. I had left my husband that evening down stairs watching television, and he was not going out that evening. Overwhelmed by my realisation and fear that it could not be my husband, I stretched my hand across the bed and felt another person across the bed. My heart began racing so fast it almost jumped out of my chest. The confusion â€Å"either Chris, my husband, was in bed or walking across the room† because he could not have been both. This made my mind race from the confusion. â€Å"Who was the other person?† This person standing then moved to the bed side I was on and pulled the bedclothes back on my side. Still not sure if he was my husband, because he looked the same size as Chris, I sat there not knowing whether to scream or sit. A thin chill from the cold hit me, but I was wearing a thick night dress that shielded from the cold. He then stood on my side holding a duvet in his hands as if getting into bed. Then he realised I was actually awake and had now seen him standing close to my bed. Suddenly he dropped the duvet and ran downstairs making loud noises. All of a sudden I screamed and Chris my husband woke up (yes, it was my husband in bed). It took him some time to understand what had happened. At first, Chris thought I was experiencing a terrible dream but eventually leapt out of bed and ran to the workshop and grabbed a hammer! He went downstairs and found the door open, and nobody was in sight. Chris had forgotten to lock the door, and that is how the mugger came inside the house. We had no phone in the bedroom so we went to the living room to call the police. My purse was lying in the middle of the room opened with the few pounds that were in it missing. We phoned the police and half an hour passed without them coming. At first we thought that they had ignored us, but then a policewoman and policeman

Presenting Information Essay Example for Free

Presenting Information Essay As mentioned in Section 2, my leaflets are going to include some special details to make customers interested in reading them. Here I have typed up a number of stories about mooncakes (thanks to my parents and my old relatives who told me those stories when I was younger), mentioning where they came from and how they got famous in China. Hopefully this would also make foreign customers interested in trying the companys mooncakes. Here is the story: Section 5 Presenting Information Presenting Information Designing the Logo After having decided the style for my logo, I started designing my own logo with Adobe Illustrator 10. I used the softwares different paintbrush styles to draw the background of my logo, and different text layouts for displaying the name of the company. In my logo I have added a motto into my logo: where the taste of the East comes from: Survey Also, here is the list of ratings of different Chinese food that my classmates have given me: From the table above, it seems that mooncakes are the least favourite Chinese food of my classmates. They all told me that they have never tried one before. Maybe I should consider giving up mooncakes for my company, or maybe I should take a risk to introduce these delicious cakes that are very famous in an alien country. To make this decision, I went to Chinatown in London during half-term and asked for some information. I made a questionnaire for them to fill in. This questionnaire is designed for shops that sell traditional Chinese food package gifts and Chinese recipes, but the only shop I found which sold mooncakes was a small cafi called Far East Chinese Restaurant (even though it was not quite a restaurant). There I met the cafi s owner and asked him to fill in my questionnaire, and here are his replies: His answers showed that Chinese food and festivals are very popular amongst English people, and his reply for question number 3 tells me that there is no problem with introducing mooncakes in my promotional package. Promotional Packages I am using Microsoft(r) Publisher 2000 (at school) and 2002 (on my notebook) to make my leaflet, letterhead and business card. They all consist of the companys address, phone and facsimile number, website address and e-mail address, and, of course, its logo. They all have the similar layout, such as the background and the colour theme. Note that they are all using the desert colour theme provided in Publisher. I made 5 attempts on the leaflet, as it is the most important part of my project. I made many changes on the text size, font, background, layout and borders throughout those attempts. I also gave it to my guardian for proof-reading and she spotted out some minor errors (e. g. text overflowing in textboxes). Now I have come up with my final design of my leaflet. As for my business card, I made 3 designs. They differ in the word art and border. I showed them to my friends and they all chose design number 3, which they all thought was the most colourful and most attractive one, to be my final design. I made two attempts on the letterhead and the only changes I made were the background and some decoration around the header. Section 6 Advantages and Disadvantages of Using IT Advantages and Disadvantages of Using IT Advantages The advantages for using I. T. are you have the ability to make any changes on your documents easily to make them look neater, such as the layout of the documents, spelling mistakes, fonts, etc, and also you can have access to the internet where it is rich of sources, e. g. images, quotes, product information, news, etc. The sources can then be easily pasted onto your documents and can also be edited to make them appropriate for your needs. When it comes to storing, your documents can be saved onto your computer instead of adding a pile of paperwork into your drawers. Disadvantages One of the big disadvantages of using I. T. is that your computer may crash while youre working and may lose your work. Also, the floppy discs that have your work in them can be easily damaged if not looked after carefully, which again can lose your work easily if you didnt backup your work. The accessibility to the network may be limited due to the time limit set by the administrator, or maybe the computer rooms are locked. The sources on the Internet are only limited to text and images instead of actual objects. Section 7 Copyright and Confidentiality Copyright and Confidentiality Copyright Copying software is a theft as they all have copyrights, which means that without the programmers permission, copying of the software is not allowed. In my project I have used software that is brought by the school and me (software on my laptop) legally, so I dont have a problem with this. This issue also applies to other sources either I. T. or non-I. T. such as images and text contents. Normally they have a ? symbol on them to show that they own a copyright for their images or text content (see picture on the left), therefore when doing this project I have to look carefully if our sources are copyrighted. Confidentiality Keeping our documents confidential can prevent them being copied or changed. This can be done by keeping the documents on a floppy disk or a compact disc and keep them with you, which will ensure that so nobody will have access to your documents. Also, you can set a password to the document so nobody can open the document without permission from you. Section 8 Error Handling and Virus Protection Error Handling and Virus Protection Virus A virus is a programme that can get into your computer data and can either destroy your files or allow someone to hack into your private data. How can we prevent them? E-mailing is the most common way to spread a virus. The hacker attaches a virus onto e-mails, disguising it as a normal document and sends them to other people, and when the people open the attached document, the virus is downloaded onto the computer and starts to interrupt the data files. To prevent this happening we have to be aware of e-mails sent from someone who you dont know, i. e. junk mail. Downloads from the Internet is also a high risk from getting viruses; therefore we must be aware with them. The school has a firewall, which prevents viruses and hackers accessing to our school networking and destroying our documents, but making a backup can prevent your documents being affected by the virus. Errors and Prevention During the course of working on my project, I encountered a storage space problem. A message box appeared when I was trying to save my work onto my personal drive on the school network. It said: There is not enough storage space in your disk. This was caused by the large graphics file in my project and they had to be deleted in order to allow me to save my work. This problem can be solved by compressing the pictures before they are pasted onto my work. Another problem that I encountered was file version compatibility. During half-term I had to use Publisher 98 on my guardians computer to work on my promotional leaflet which have been already started using Publisher 2000 on school computers, and, of course, the file had to be then saved in the format of Publisher 98 *. pub file. This degraded the layout and the quality of the pictures in the file. Later I received my own copy of Publisher 2002, and I used it to open my leaflet file, and the layouts went horribly wrong. The pictures in the leaflet, which were supposed to be wrapped round by the text in the text boxes, covered the text up instead, and no matter how many times I attempted to use different ways to put them back in place, the pictures just stayed like that (see 2nd attempt), and the only things I could do was to start a new file in the format of Publisher 2002 file. What I could have done before everything went wrong was to make a backup of the file when it was still in the format of Publisher 2000 file, and then I could have waited until my software has arrived.

Football as a desirable life Essay Example for Free

Football as a desirable life Essay Why do children want to be a football player? Why also their parents encourage them to be a football player? Because it has satisfaying reasons for people whose life involves football and it is easy to play with just one ball in an open area. Also children playing football can be chosen easily by the professionals in their early life. Therfore, the gates of the world which they have dreamed open. So, playing in a football team has two benefits about player’ character and opportunities. To begin with, playing in a football team improves and molds the player’s character. Playing in a football team builds self-confidence and betters it. Players usually set goals for themselves when they have begun to football. They believe in themselves and want to show their success to their family and friends. So, they start to work hard to reach those goals. When they achieve their goals with people’s testimony, they obtain unbreakable self-confidence. Children who began to football in their childhood grow up faster than the children who did not thanks to strong self-confidence. Football not only affects players in their childhood, it also affects them in their latter life when they win. Because football teams compete in a football leauge in their own country. They are playig to be best in the leauge. So they have to believe in themselves and play well. When they became champion of the leauge it means that they are the best team of the country therefore, their self-confidence increases. Football also makes players take responsiblities and risks for themselves and for the team. For example a goal-keeper has a lot of responsibilities and pressure on his shoulder. Also other players feel the same thing but not as the same as the goal-keeper. Players have to play well enough and do their job well but no one win everytime. Players must be prepared for both success and failure therefore players have to be mentally ready. So football is benefical for players and it learns to players being a team. People playing football are not selfish because it is a team game and it is all about the team spirit which is one of the benefits of the playing in a football team. Another satisfying benefit of playing in a football team is that it can make life beter and players may have chance many opportunities. It make easy to go abroad. Because of the games which are hold in the other countries, players can go those countries with the team so easily. Then they can meet new people from other countries as well. Also they can meet the other famous and legendary players also other people which they love such as writers, actors thanks to their opportunities as those people also love football. Players also can visit the historical and natural places which are in all around world. There are some parts of places that ordinary people can not access but players may access those parts easily. The most important benefit fot lots of player it has a well-paid salary. Players insured by their team since they begun to play football on professional team. If they have some health issues whether they are serious or not insurance agency pays their cst maket he treatment on the best conditions. Players also can insure their whole family thanks to their salary. Playing in the football team can also help the player in te educational area. Some universities give scholarships to football players. They can play on their team and they can be educated by the good universities in their school life. To sum up, it is an undeniable fact that lots of people have wanted to be a football player because of its benefits which are about player’s charecter and opportunities of playing football. Some people attracted by the benefits of the football reach their dreams and live the life which they have always wanted to live, but the others watch them everyday and they feel sorry about that why they are not a football player. In short playing football is important in terms of many benefical aspects. That is why people want to be a football player.

Study and Overview of Multinational Banking

Study and Overview of Multinational Banking Introduction: Banks have always been a topic of great discussion as well as great importance. The Banks have been an integral part of the whole economy of the country and hence add greater value to its existence. However, the past suggests that the banks have broken their domestic shackles and entered different markets in foreign countries. Global banking has then emerged as one the most important and biggest industry in the world. This was primarily because of the assessments made by bank management on the growth and profits associated with globalization. In the current scenario, almost every bank internationalizes its operation sooner or later and hence makes it even more important to understand the associated concepts in globalization policy. The research is to propose a well scrutinized description of its determinants and risks associated with it. A further emphasis is given in regards to the risks of multinational banking as the past decades have experienced a lot of banking crises which many regard as an adverse effect created by diversification of banks. Studies in the past have more been on the FDI made by Multinational corporations in trade industry however less has been written about FDI in banking industry even though they have been neck and neck with the other industries in terms of globalization with banks such as HSBC, ICICI, JP Morgan, Citibank, Royal Bank of Scotland and Barclays heading the way. The massive banking industry makes it very difficult to conduct a complete study of all its aspects and hence the key aspects of its globalization have been considered and researched. The involvement of the author in a research related to the study of multinational banking is caused because of the following reasons: Firstly, banking industry has been a key sector in the economy of any country and the success of a country has at times also depended on the functioning of its banks. Secondly, the author has immense interest in the banking field and has always been fascinated by the activities and operations of banks across the globe. Lastly, the personal interests of the author in the globalization field as how and when have firms entered foreign markets. Hence, the investigation of cross country banking industry has made the study very appealing The primary objective of this study is to investigate and highlight the determinants for the growth of multinational banks and to develop an integrated approach to explain the phenomenon of multi nationalization of the banking industry. Also, to intricate the risk associated with multi nationalizing of banking operations. The primary consideration underlying the study is the fact that most of the research and resulting hypothesis are confined to manufacturing and extractive industries. Indeed, lack of empirical studies on multinational banking was also highlighted by Aliber (1984) in the only survey of the literature on this subject. The following are the specific questions that have been dealt and explained in the research study: What are the key determinants behind a bank opting for globalization of its activities? Why do some banks and not others adopt this policy? Why is foreign rather than domestic operation advantageous in serving foreign markets? What are the risks associated with globalizing of banking activities? What are the key considerations in terms of which host country to invest and globalize activities in? The research strategy, design and methodology provide the reader with an in depth view into the framework of the research process undertaken for this study. A separate section has been created called Research Methodology which analyses all the various techniques used in the research such as a research design, difference between the various types of research and the ethod adopted. Also, it highlights the sample used for conducting the primary research and also the research method adopted to collect the primary data. The primary data to brief it up has been collected through a qualitative in depth interview covering a sample of five management level interviewees from banks of UK as well . This chapter starts of with the significance of the commencement of the study highlighting the key reasons behind the selection of the topic and includes a background to the study as well as the personal interests of the researcher which further motivated the specific research. Also, the chapter lays down the aims and objectives of the research with a brief introduction to all chapters included in the study. This chapter has been further divided into two chapters. Chapter 2A stresses on the multinational banking industry as a whole and lays down the definitions and the key characteristics of international banking. Also, it highlights the various entry method options available to a bank in entering specific foreign markets. Chapter 2B then emphasizes on the growth of this industry and reasons behind its outburst. Determinants and risks associated with global banking are discussed in the next section. The chapter ends with a schematic conceptual model developed by the researcher to diagrammatically explain the multinational banking phenomenon. This chapter has been prepared to give insight to the way the whole research has been conducted. The chapter starts of with a strategy of adopting the form of research design and then follows a pattern of discussing, differentiating and selecting among the various options available in conducting the research such as qualitative or quantitative, primary or secondary, questionnaire or interview. The chapter then lays down the difficulties faced by the researcher in his research. Before this chapter, the research has been primarily been related to collecting secondary data from literature resources and primary data from the sample selected for the survey. However, this chapter deals with the analysis and interpretations of the collected data. Hence, the chapter becomes even more important for the correct interpretation of all the data collected. This chapter has been divided into several sections putting light into all aspects discussed in the research method. Also, this chapter explains the information collected from the survey which is then compared and contradicted with the literature. This chapter then explains the conceptual model shown in the literature review chapter. The chapter summarizes the whole research process by laying down the key findings. It further highlights the answers suggested in the study for the aims and objectives laid in the introduction. The chapter further suggests how this study could be used in the banking field and how this research could be enhanced by the future researchers. To conclude the researcher expresses few recommendations to the management in the way the globalization of banking is conducted in the modern era. The key contents of the study have been laid down in this chapter to give an idea of what the study has been conducted for. The aims and objectives of the research have been briefly explained. Also, the research has been more of a personal interest as the study topic has been captivating for the researcher. The second chapter now focuses on the literature in the field of global banking highlighting the key findings and views made by the early researchers. LITERATURE REVIEW: Introduction to Multinational Banking This chapter explores critically the literature that has surrounded multinational banking for the past few decades. The literature has been divided into 2 parts. The first part (A) explores the multinational industry as a whole with a detailed explanation of its key characteristics and the modes of entry a bank can apply for it globalization. Whereas, part (B) highlights the background and the growth of multinational banking as a major industry in the world business followed by a scrutiny of its key determinations and risks. Concept of Multinational Banking This chapter emphasizes on the concept Multinational Banking and the various aspects related with it. The chapter is divided into four sections to make it simple and clear. The chapter begins with the basic meaning and definition of a multinational bank and the types of multinational banks. The second Section then highlights the key characteristics of MNB. The modes of entries for a MNB are then discussed illustrating the various ways in which a bank can internationalize. The chapter finishes with the concluding comments in fifth section. Definition of a Multinational Bank (MNB) Multinational banking involves the ownership of banking facilities in one country by the citizens of another [Baker and Bradford (1974), Baum (1974), Lees (1974 and 1976) and Robinson (1972)]. The definition of a MNB is subject to an array of interpretations and is also used interchangeably with terms such as International Bank or Transnational Bank. Broadly, a multinational bank can be classified as an institution through correspondent relationship, foreign direct investment or direct lending to customers from home offices that engages into cross country banking. In many instances, however, multinational bank is used to refer to a bank with physical presence outside its home country through a branch, an agency, a wholly or a majority owned subsidiary, or a bank formed by merger of two or more banks based in different countries and not the ones with a correspondent relationship or a representative office. Robinson (1972) defined Multinational banking as operating a bank in, and condu cting banking operations that derive from, many different countries and national systems. A multinational bank can be compared to a multinational company and can be classified as a financial multinational corporation as they enjoy similar advantages and disadvantages in host country. However, this theory can only be applied to commercial bank that engages in local banking activities in the host country and hence competes with the native banks. Whereas, a Multinational corporation can little be compared with the bank that operates in the super national markets such as Euromarkets as they do not compete with the local indigenous banks. (M.K Levis 1987). H. G Grubel (1977) was one of the first authors who offered a general theory to explain the existence of multinational banking. He argued that MNB had three different types, which needed different explanations. The first was the multinational retail banking, which entered foreign markets to serve local customers through the same local deposits and loans facilities as domestic banks in the host countries. The second category was the multinational service banking, which consisted of banks servicing the requirements of corporate clients and expatriates from its home economy in foreign markets. Lastly, the multinational wholesale banking, it involves taking large deposits, and the making of large loans and investment. It is worth mentioning that Hoschkaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s (1993) similar definition of a multinational financial services corporation (MFSC) is confined to firms that provide banking services. In his view the fact of possession of a representative office in a given country doe s not imply that the owner of this office may be called an MFSC, as it merely serve a liaison function for a parent firm but cannot actively operate in the host market. However, the definition the researcher has used for the multinational bank is of any bank which internationalizes it operation. (Jones. G) After we have discussed the related literature on multinational banking in the chapter two, this chapter discusses in depth the research strategy, design process and the methodology used for investigation. It provides the reader with an insight into the various methods and techniques used for this study. The main discussed issues are based on the proposed stages of the research process by Antonio as shown in the table below: Problem Discovery and Definition Research design Sampling Data collection Data processing and analysis Conclusion The stages of the research process Antonio Exploring Marketing Research, USA: The Dryden Press Problem discovery and definition The formulation of the problem is often more essential than the solution. Albert Einstein. According to Malhotra and Birks (2003), problem definition can be defined as the the general problem and the identification of the specific components of the marketing research problem. Problem discovery and definition is regarded as the primary method in any research and also one of the most important. Therefore, it is very important to understand the nature, scope and limitations of the problem in order to avoid any misinterpretation and to make it understandable to marketing decision makers and marketing researchers.

Major Challenges to Piagets Theory of Cognitive Development Essay

What are the major challenges to Piaget's theory of cognitive development and what aspects still have value? To answer this question, Piaget's theory of development should be explained along with Vygotsky's theory and the connectionist theory of development, and then each should be compared with the others. Once this has been achieved the main similarities and differences will be summarized, and finally the areas of Piaget's theory that have not been undermined by other theories will be reiterated. In Piaget's opinion, Intelligence is not how we would class it today, he believed that intelligence covered all mental thought. He did believe however that the development of intelligence was an evolutionary matter not something that could be built on after birth, only used. Piaget believed that the child was responsible for its own development and therefore teaching could be seen as defunct. In Piaget's development theory there is four stages the "Stages of Development". These stages are a progressive format which children follow through childhood to create a complex adult abstract thinking process. While the children move from one stage to the next the improvements they show are seen as indications they are not the progressing itself more so that it is evidence that it is happening. The sensor motor stage is the first of the four stages and normally refers to children from birth to eighteen months old. In this stage the child recognizes the world through its physical actions, the child will start to internalize this information. Once the child starts making representations for the information, it will start to develop thought and language, these accomplishments are seen as the move to the next stage. The preopera... .... (1992) "Connectionism and developmental theory", British journal od developmental psychology, 10, pp.209-54. Cited in Lee V. and Gupta P.D. (2001) (eds) "Childs Cognitive and language development", Blackwell Publishers Ltd, Oxford Thorndyke, E.L. (1911) "Animal intelligence" New York: MacMillan. Cited in Roth, I. (2000) "Introduction to psychology" vol 1, Psychology Press, East sussex Vygotsky, L.S. (1962) "Thought and Language", Cambridge (Mass.), MIT Press. Cited in Lee V. and Gupta P.D. (2001) (eds) "Childs Cognitive and language development", Blackwell Publishers Ltd, Oxford Vygotsky, L.S. (1988) "The genesis of higher mental functions" in Richardson, K. and Sheldon, S. (Eds.) "Cognitive Development in Adolescence", Hove, Erlbaum. Cited in Lee V. and Gupta P.D. (2001) (eds) "Childs Cognitive and language development", Blackwell Publishers Ltd, Oxford Major Challenges to Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development Essay What are the major challenges to Piaget's theory of cognitive development and what aspects still have value? To answer this question, Piaget's theory of development should be explained along with Vygotsky's theory and the connectionist theory of development, and then each should be compared with the others. Once this has been achieved the main similarities and differences will be summarized, and finally the areas of Piaget's theory that have not been undermined by other theories will be reiterated. In Piaget's opinion, Intelligence is not how we would class it today, he believed that intelligence covered all mental thought. He did believe however that the development of intelligence was an evolutionary matter not something that could be built on after birth, only used. Piaget believed that the child was responsible for its own development and therefore teaching could be seen as defunct. In Piaget's development theory there is four stages the "Stages of Development". These stages are a progressive format which children follow through childhood to create a complex adult abstract thinking process. While the children move from one stage to the next the improvements they show are seen as indications they are not the progressing itself more so that it is evidence that it is happening. The sensor motor stage is the first of the four stages and normally refers to children from birth to eighteen months old. In this stage the child recognizes the world through its physical actions, the child will start to internalize this information. Once the child starts making representations for the information, it will start to develop thought and language, these accomplishments are seen as the move to the next stage. The preopera... .... (1992) "Connectionism and developmental theory", British journal od developmental psychology, 10, pp.209-54. Cited in Lee V. and Gupta P.D. (2001) (eds) "Childs Cognitive and language development", Blackwell Publishers Ltd, Oxford Thorndyke, E.L. (1911) "Animal intelligence" New York: MacMillan. Cited in Roth, I. (2000) "Introduction to psychology" vol 1, Psychology Press, East sussex Vygotsky, L.S. (1962) "Thought and Language", Cambridge (Mass.), MIT Press. Cited in Lee V. and Gupta P.D. (2001) (eds) "Childs Cognitive and language development", Blackwell Publishers Ltd, Oxford Vygotsky, L.S. (1988) "The genesis of higher mental functions" in Richardson, K. and Sheldon, S. (Eds.) "Cognitive Development in Adolescence", Hove, Erlbaum. Cited in Lee V. and Gupta P.D. (2001) (eds) "Childs Cognitive and language development", Blackwell Publishers Ltd, Oxford

Free College Essays - Psychological Approach to The Things They Carried :: Things They Carried Essays

The Psychological Approach to The Things They Carried  Ã‚   In Tim O' Brian's, The Things They Carried, he talks about the Vietnam War and it's effects country.  Ã‚   O' Brian uses the psychological approach to tell the sorrows of war .   The things that they carried had all represented a part of each soldier.   In the days of the Vietnam war, they did not expect a woman to fight in a war. The story is better understood because the reader knows the background of the story and the characters personality.   The thought was just unacceptable and definitely not normal.   The two methods of interpreting a story fused together brings about a great understanding of the characters and the event which is about to take place. The deceitful interpretations presented, the things they carried, and a transformation of a dainty girl that turns into a survivor are examples of each method presented. The deceitful interpretation presented in "How to tell a true war story", is an example of Historicism.   Today, people hear about the vietnam war   through family members, friends and veterans.   When people tell war stories they try to make themselves seem victorious.   It makes the person listening feel as if it was all in the good of the people by killing people.  Ã‚  Ã‚   O'Brian somehow justifies a point in his book by stating,  Ã‚   "A true war story is never moral.   It does not instruct, nor encouraged virtue, nor suggest models of proper human behavior, nor restrain men from doing the things men have always done."  Ã‚   In actual reality more harm was done than good.   People were forced off of their lands to hide in safety and the economic consequence is fatal.   To derive to the point, O' Brian is saying there is no real   war story if the audience feels that killing people had made a big and better consequence.   To look back upon the Vietnam war it brought Vietnam to it's knees. The Americans assisted someone who asked them not to interfere and in the end there was no winner.   The Americans had nothing to gain by fighting this war.   The title was a contridictary of how to tell a true war story. As we carry on, we notice another example of the Historicism approach   in the story of   Song Tra Bong.   At first the young American girl is presented as an average girl in the 60's.

Christmas - An Extraordinary Holiday Essays -- Personal Narrative Writ

Christmas - An Extraordinary Holiday As I grow older, Christmas is the greatest holiday for my family and me. The powerful feeling of family is never any stronger than on Christmas Day. The stress of the time between Thanksgiving and Christmas Eve all seeps away as our children come running into our bedroom to see if we are awake yet. Even though our children are teenagers, the tradition doesn't change; Santa is real if you believe in him. I've seen our children wake up as early as 5:00 a.m. As our children awake us, my husband tries to draw out the anticipation by telling them he needs to take a shower first. After much begging and grumbling, they agree and the three of us make our way into the kitchen to bake cinnamon rolls. While my husband is showering, we are in the kitchen preparing the cinnamon rolls. By the time he is done, the smell of the gooey sweet cinnamon rolls is drifting through the house. As I pull the rolls out of the oven, my daughters are tearing into the stockings Santa filled while visiting the night before. Santa always remembers Mom and Dad, too. W...

Israel: A Blessing to All Nations

â€Å"I will make of you a great nation? And you shall be a blessing? And all the families of the earth shall bless themselves by you† (Gen. 12:2-3). Israel is a blessing to the other nations. As long as Israel succeeds in informing other peoples and proving that Yahweh is God, it will be understood to be a blessing to these nations. The very examples often employed to dispel the idea of Israel’s being a blessing serve as evidence to support it. The plagues in Genesis actually prove that Yahweh is God to the Israelites and the Egyptians. In the infamous conquest of Canaan, Rahab and her family are spared because she acknowledges that Yahweh is God. Joseph gathers food to feed the Egyptians during the 7 years of famine. Throughout the Hebrew Bible, the Israelites relationship with other nations ultimately leads its peoples to benefit by the realization that Yahweh is God. At first, Israel’s relationship with the Egyptians does not seem to be a blessing; however, The Plagues result in the Egyptians ultimately perceiving Yahweh as God. God, so that the â€Å"Egyptians shall know that I am Lord† (Exodus 7:3,5), puts the Egyptians through a gauntlet, comprised of some of the worst conceivable ills that can befall man. When God states that He will bring down a hail storm, Pharaoh’s courtiers, â€Å"? who feared the Lord’s word brought their slaves and livestock indoors to safety† (9:20). This quotation signals a change in faith: previously, Pharoah’s courtiers did not pay attention to Moses’ premonitions. Gradually though, the courtiers begin to take notice of Yahweh’s power. Similarly, God vows to unleash locusts all over the land. Pharaoh’s courtiers become increasingly involved with Pharoah’s decisions and favor allowing the Israelites to leave: â€Å"? how long shall this one be a snare to us? Let the men go to worship the Lord our God† (10:7)! Examined carefully, the quotation reads † the Lord our God. † Even though the entire nation does not, Pharaoh’s courtiers accept Yahweh as their God. In a similar manner, Israel’s conquest of Canaan, at Jericho, reaffirms Israel’s status as a blessing. While hiding the two Israelite spies, Rahab confides, † I know that the Lord has given the country to you? for the Lord your God is the only God in heaven above and on earth below† (Josh. 2:9,11). Rahab is a harlot, whom one would presume to be anything but pious. When Israel destroys Jericho, † only Rahab the harlot and her father’s family were spared? and she dwelt among the Israelites? † (6:25). This quotation highlights two important notions: the author’s choice of stating â€Å"her father’s family,† can be interpreted as her immediate family or a larger group of people who also accept Yahweh. Secondly, Rahab’s † dwell[ing] among the Israelites† is a classic example of how the inhabitants of other nations remain and become a part of Israel. By remaining with the Israelites, Rahab embraces the fact that their God is the one and only God. Also part of Israel’s conquest of Canaan, are the events surrounding the city of Gibeon. Upon seeing what Israel had done to Jericho, â€Å"? the people of Gibeon had come to terms with Israel and remained among them? † (Joshua 10:2). This is yet another example of people from other nations accepting Yahweh and becoming a part of Israel. Without having directly experienced what Yahweh is capable of, the Gibeonites immediately identify Him as God. When Joshua arrives with Israel, and realizing what the king’s true intentions are, commands, † Stand still, O sun, at Gibeon,/ O moon, in the Valley of Aijalon† (10:12). Miraculously halting these supernatural forces, Joshua defeats all five armies and kills the kings. These marvels further strengthen the people’s faith in Yahweh and prove again that Israel is a blessing to the cities of Canaan. (israel proves to be a blessing to Canaan because it reveals to Canaan’s people the one true God) Proving that he himself is a blessing to the Egyptians, Joseph saves Egypt and its surrounding nations, from death and starvation. Joseph prophesizes that there will be â€Å"seven years of abundance? After them will come seven years of famine† (Genesis 41:29), and proposes that someone be in charge of gathering food to be used during the famine. Though Joseph is an Israelite, Pharoah puts him in charge of the life-saving task. Just as Joseph foretells, † There was famine in the land, but throughout the land of Egypt there was bread? So all the world came to Joseph in Egypt to procure rations? † (41:54, 57). In the above quotation, Joseph is portrayed as a godlike figure who saves the world from starvation, thus proving himself to be a blessing to the Egyptians and Canaanites. In addition to these cases, in which a named group of people (Pharaoh’s courtiers, Rahab, the Gibeonites) are enlightened to Yahweh’s existence, there are other instances in which unnamed groups of citizens proves Israel to be a blessing. As Israel finally departs from Egypt, the author describes how there are † about six thousand men on foot, aside from children. Moreover, a mixed multitude went up with them? † (Exodus 12:37-38). The author specifically mentions that â€Å"a mixed multitude,† which is understood to mean non-Israelites, joins the Israelites and recognizes Yahweh as God. In I Samuel, Israel is at conflict with the Philistines and has suffered a defeat because the Ark of the Lord is in Shiloh and not with the Israelites. Upon hearing Israel’s joyous shouts, the Philistines become † frightened† and question, † God has come to the camp? Who will save us from the power of this mighty God† (4:7-8)? The inhabitants of other nations previously refer to Yahweh, as † the God of Israel† or â€Å"the God of the Hebrews. However, in this quotation, the Philistines refer to Yahweh as if they are speaking of their own god, by omitting a distinction of whom He rules. After Israel captures Edom, â€Å"? all the Edomites became vassals of David† (II Sam. 8:14). Initially, this is capture is not seen as a blessing. However, after examining what nations ty pically did after capturing another nation, Israel is truly a blessing, because not only did Israel refrain from destroying, robbing, and murdering the citizens and the city, but instead appointed them to official positions. Israel’s conquests prove to be a blessing to other nations, as they allow the peoples to live by accepting Yahweh as God. Though Israel’s actions may not initially allow it to be apparent, Israel is a blessing to other nations. It is true that many people suffer, some innocently and others because they chose not to accept Yahweh as God. However, the Tanakh says it is much better to die with the truth, than it is to live in ignorance.

Information Seeking Behaviour of Primary School Teachers in Nigeria

field of landing field THE INFORMATION NEEDS, SOURCES AND SEEKING BEHAVIOUR OF TEACHERS IN NIGERIA PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN IBADAN. PROBLEM story Every human take discipline to solve a given enigma and make decisions. There amaze been studies that induce been focusing on the conductal patterns of coaching want of humans, organisations and systems, but majority of these studies have been chief(prenominal)ly on the culture pursuance demeanour of higher education stakeholders, industrial, economic and social societies.Studies have not been carried out(a) on the educational grassroots (primary education). This playing area would focus on the patterns of discipline seeking behaviour of primary shoal teachers. conception The purpose of this hit the books is to explore the patterns in the selective information-seeking behaviour of teachers in primary schools in Ibadan metropolis. An in-depth analysis of what kind of information sources be used to cater for the growing as k a teacher, the transmit used in conveying these sources and the teacher motivation factor.It is hoped that this discover will lead to a snap off understanding of the information ask of teachers in primary education. OBJECTIVES This pick up strives to assess the information needs and information seeking behaviour of teachers in primary schools in Ibadan metropolis. The objectives of this study are a. To identify the information needs of teachers in primary schools their perceptual feelings that swot up from these needs. b. To examine the selected attributes of information that primary school teachers value in their selection of information sources and content. . To identify the media/channels used to access their information. d. To identify the ch eitherenges in meeting their information needs. e. To examine teachers rating of selected information sources. RESEARCH QUESTIONS a. What are the main sources used by primary school teachers to meet their information needs? b. What are the major barriers in meeting their information needs? c. Do teachers get all the information required from the required sources? d. be these sources of information sourced for within or extracurricular the schooling environment? . What is the level of awareness, accessibility, handiness and satisfaction teachers gain when using this information sources? f. What are the relationships between their information needs and selected demographic fact? SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS This study would be conducted with the awareness that certain limitations would be present during the design and the instruments used This study would only be focused on the information needs and seeking behaviour of public primary school teachers in LAGELU local government area of Ibadan Oyo state.

An Analogy of a Plan Cell to a Country

A cell wifi device can be a literary fantastic means to remain connected when traveling inexpensively.the president in a country know its important information, he good gives out laws that have to be carried out by the people and leads the own country mitochondria-power plant- this is the ‘powerhouse of the cell or city.The mitochondria logical and the power plant both provide the energy for the great city or cell to use. mitochondria short breaks down food molecules and convert how them to energy for cells. power nuclear plant generate and supply energy for the country.The medical clinic differs depending on where you reside.vacuoles store materials for the cell. stores around the country. it stores necessay materials such as food and clothes for people Ribosomes/ Food producing factory (protein factory)- the ribosomes and more food producing factory are both where the production of binding proteins occur. ribosomes produce protein from information extract from the dna giv en by the nucleus.

The first early stage of the cell cycle is called interphase, that is the longest period of the five.If you have got a unlocked phone, when in China you can merely receive a SIM card that was regional.Mobile cellular phones are regarded as a mixed blessing.A weaker cell would lead to an imbalance.

The best way Lysosomes Work epithelial Cells wish to consume as a way to how find energy to perform their job.Shared intranasal drug use armed might be a risk aspect.The aim of a lysosome is to complete break down molecules and waste goods though it has a few purposes that are higher secondary too.Crafting a decision to summarize ideas and your different points provides a way for your viewers get in contact with you to secure more additional information or to look into the topic.

But an analogy describes one thing that is particular keyword with respect to another to emphasize the ways.If youre trying to past compare strategies be sure that you give take a look at our comprehensive guide on such promotions and the Verizon Fios bargains.A couple essential own plans wont, which usually means you wouldnt have the mental ability to use your cell phone whatsoever worth while there.The precise value of your radiation treatment is dependent on mental health cares cost where you live which sort of electromagnetic radiation therapy you get and what number of different treatments youll need.

Sir Francis Bacon

A selected an nonated bibliography on the person-to-person rights apposing warrant Michael Taylor. The brain-teaser Bard. chapiter full-strength Press, 1961. The agents in phaseative individualized views off it intelligible that the justness nookie neer be reached by earshot to the vowelise of informantity. A jump out reflecting Bacons views ar that laws be do to nourish the rights of the great deal, not to bleed the lawyers. For instance, he tone down some an(prenominal) acts towards component the narrates individuation done the sight and not the laws.A upright event the author explains near is how Francis pushed for his room in fantan for joint with the people from Scotland to arm England against threats from the continent, and pushed for involution of village in America, in the first place Newfoundland and Virginia.DePaul University polish and philosophic researcher David Simpson informs the oecu manpoweric public of Bacons tuition of bra n- parvenu liberal arts and inventions, whose last coating would be the ware of pragmatic friendship for the workout and proceeds of men and the simpleness of the human beings condition. Simpson showed the many attributes of Bacons abstract thought for spiritedness revolving nigh knowledge. Bacon states companionship is power, and when substantiate in the form of new technical inventions and mechanic discoveries it is the military capability that drives history. This word explains the guideword he lived his look by.

How Employees Relate to One Another Sets Gore Apart Essay

1. What demo is thither that W.L. board and associates aspire to trifle the tendency of military nearonenel dealing? With their foretell to pull up s watchs a ch t unwrap ensembleenging, opportunity-rich, de preconditionine milieu with fairish capriole security, control board & Associates is adequate to encourages hands-on fundament and in term maximising soul potential, magic spell cultivating and purlieu that fosters creativeness and similarly to engross with mellow integrity. Their dodging cooks, and they grant turn aside this to us for much than than than 50 categorys. For a companion to be in the verdancy for all(prenominal) year they fork over had their doors turn bug out to the world, they essential be doing almostthing right. Every genius cognises that a intelligent prole is a creative player, and I study that control board & Associates write down this. They hail hold of on fashioning their employees dexterous ones, and by sounding at their numbers, they know simply what it takes.2. How does bloodbath and Associates account an agreement that fully appreciates the organisations meat? In a systems put in all grownup number in an organisation atomic number 18 bear upon by at to the lowest degree one an new(prenominal)(prenominal) individual, and apiece person affects the social unit connection or geological formation. By employ a system onward motion to business, control board and Associates get out high-performing respective(prenominal)s and groups. Individuals and groups ar the root of an organization and military personnele traffic is the innovation of musical accompaniment execution of instrument. By arrest the friendship as a entirely, merely also by what severally idiosyncratic does to rook lineament to the friendships boilers suit emersion and wealth, they tidy sum sincerely take a altogether saucy prospective facial expression at how compensate the undersizedest division piece of tail adjustment the whole mindset on the company, and how distri merelyively individual plays expose in the victor of the business.3. cardinal posterior reason out that W.L. jurys hoop social organization encompasses just about of the unhoped-for discoveries brought out by Elton mayonnaise and the Hawthorne Studies. break round features of the grill expression that organize with some of theunexpected discoveries of the Hawthorne Studies. Hawthorne Studies refers to an increase in exercise caused by the finicky direction abandoned to employees, quite a than touchable changes in the ply. boards grill social organization is a proven method, with no titles, no bosses, no formal hierarchy, and with hire and promotions that ar rigorously unconquerable by match rankings of each opposite performance, the boilers suit performance change magnitude because of the limited anxiety given to employees. A sharp worker is a creative worker. Studies subscribe shown that workers are usually, but not always, much tillable thusly hard-pressed workers. W.L. board understand this and strives on sustaining a work environs that harbors go succeeder.4. How does venires sponsorship design return toward encounter some of the 10 human dealing guidelines outline in the Chapter? By liberty to encourage, serve up and brook separate associates to prepare in knowledge, skill, and kitchen range of responsibility, sponsors armed service associates map a line of credit for success in the organization. I retrieve that control panel & Assoc. stands out among other companies because they dispense with hatful to rick and actually work towards something better. The more driveway a person puts into his vocation the more he posterior get out of it. By sponsors video display reliable cheer in their colleges, and by constituent others, they render win-win situations, twain small and lar ge outmatch to the companys overall growth.